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| Ampton Boxted Bramfield Bures Bury St Edmunds Framlingham Gazely Keddington Nettlestead Redgrave Rushbrooke Wingfield Woodbridge | |||
| Ampton - St Peter |
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| Brass of
c.1490 pamlimsest of portion of lady of c. 1460 |
Two sons c. 1490 | Brass of c. 1480; probably of the Cockets | Brass of c.1480 |
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| William Whettell (1628) by Nicholas Stone. | Sir Henry Calthorpe(1638) & Wife by John & Matthias Christmas |
Dorothy Calthorpe (1693 at 45)
'To the pious memory of Mrs Dorothy Calthorpe, this virgin foundress of the alms house, left this life for a better...' 'A virgin rotary is oft in snares this safely vow'd and made ye poor her heirs' |
James Calthorpe (1784) . Attrib. to Bacon. MP for Hindon 1699-1784; he was unmarried and the last of the line. |
| Boxted - Holy Tritity |
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Above:
William Poley (1587) & Wife The effigies are of oak, a
late use of this material. |
| Bramfield - St Andrew |
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Arthur Coke (1629) & Wife by Nicholas Stone. She holds her dead baby. |
| Bures - St Mary | ||
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Chancel Founder's monument: Tomb chest with indents of brasses |
North Window Knight, cross legged early 14th C. Oak |
South Chapel |
| St Stephen's Chapel | ||
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These monuments were originally in Earl's Colne Prior, Essex,
the church where the De Vere Earls of Oxford were buried. They
were moved here in the 1930's The lithographs are taken from
Chancellor's Essex |
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Bury St Edmunds - St Mary |
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John Barat
(1467) Cadaver tomb with inscription shown |
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| Framlingham - St Michael | ||
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| Sir Robert Hitcham (1636) He bought the castle from the Howards in 1635. Signed by Francis Griggs 1638. | Thomas Howard II, 3rd Duke of Norfolk (1554) | |
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Not Shown
Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Richmond
(1536) - illegitimate son of Henry VIII, & his wife
Lady Mary Howard (1557) Tomb chest with fluted
pilasters and shields between. Above frieze of stories from
Genesis. No effigies but four small angels holding shields.
Two Wives (1557 & 1564) of the 4th Howard Duke of Norfolk. Two effigies on tomb chest: one rests her feet on a stage, the other on a dragon. Elizabeth, daughter of 4th Duke (1560) Small tomb chest with shields, no effigy Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (1547 - executed) Painted alabaster with two effigies and five kneeling children at the head and foot of the tomb chest. He was son of the 3rd Duke. . Richard Porter (1701) with pilasters, pediment and cherub's head at the foot; no effigy Edward Alpe (1715) similar to above Mrs Kerridge (1744) & Daughter (1747) Two draped urns by Roubiliac |
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| Those Dastardly Dukes of Norfolk |
| Historical dramas set
in the Tudor period all seem to feature a 'Duke of Norfolk',
usually a rather unpleasant character. Are they the same person?
Probably not and this brief piece will help to clarify the
matter. The First Howard, Duke of Norfolk was John (the 'Jockey of Norfolk') supporter of Richard III and who, like Richard, was killed at the Battle of Bosworth. He son, the Second Duke, was the victor of the Battle of Flodden where the Scots' king, James IV was killed; he was buried in Thetford Priory, Norfolk, but this tomb was lost at the Dissolution of the Monasteries. The Third Duke, whose monument is shown above, strongly opposed Cardinal Wolsey but, being much less able, failed to take Wolsey's place on the latter's death as he had hoped. He presided over the trial and death sentence of Anne Boleyn, even thought she was his niece and the evidence for her guilt dubious to say the least. He gained much from the Dissolution of the Monasteries. He allied himself with Gardiner and the old prelates against Thomas Cromwell to prevent an alliance with the German protestants; his niece was Catherine Howard whom he used as a pawn against Cromwell and who became Henry's 5th wife. She however was executed for adultery and Henry now under the influence of his sixth wife Catherine Parr and Edward Seymour, Earl of Hertford (brother of Jane; later Protector Somerset), favoured the reforming party so Norfolk was marginalized. The Duke himself narrowly escaped execution with his son at the end of Henry's reign. He was imprisoned in the Tower but released on Mary's ascension. His son - Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey - was tried for treason, having been accused of plotting to set aside Prince Edward and claim the throne himself as well as for quartering his arms with the royal arms of Edward the Confessor, an act that had been forbidden for the College of Arms. There was no evidence for the former but there was for the latter and he was condemned and executed. The Duke was first buried in All Hallows, Barking in Tower Street but his body was moved here by his son Henry who erected the monument in 1614. The Fourth Duke (Thomas Howard III, son of Henry, Earl of Surrey above) was involved in plots against Elizabeth I, in which he was to marry Mary Stuart (Mary Queen of Scots); for his part in the Ridolfi plot of 1571, which involved his marriage to Mary, Spanish invasion and deposition and murder of Elizabeth, he was executed. |
| Gazeley - All Saints | ||
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| John Blennerhasser (1510), Wife and Sons. Indents of brass. See also Frenze, Norfolk | Edmund Heigham (1604) & Alice Pierson (1599) | |
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Keddington St Peter & St Paul |
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Sir Thomas
(1503) & Lady Barnardiston shown foreground Sir Thomas & Lady Barnardison (1520) Recumbent effigies on plain tomb chest; children kneeling against side. Back wall with arms. Sir Thomas Barnardison (1610) & Two Wives He recumbent, the Wives kneel facing each other. Big superstructure. Below low arch into which coffin is being pushed. Grissell (1609) daughter of above. She keels between two columns (partly visible in background) Sir Nathaniel Barnardison (1653) & Wife (1669) Two frontal demi-figures, both resting heads on a hand and elbow on a pillow. Sir Thomas Barnardson (1724) Two standing putti holding skull and torch |
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Redgrave St Mary the Virgin |
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| Nicholas Bacon & Anne Butts
By
Nicholas Stone in 1616; the architectural parts by
Bernard Jenssen to Stone's design.
shown Anne Butts (1609) brass in the medieval tradition. Dorothy, Lady Gawdy (1621) simple oval tablet by Nicholas Stone. Bacon tablets of 1660 (Anne Butts) & 1685; style of Nicholas Stone Sir John Holt, Chief Justice (1710) He sits in the centre, flanked by Justice and Vigilence. On the cornice putti groups. By Thomas Green of Camberwell |
| Nettlestead - St Mary |
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| Knight (c1500)
Brass Samuel Sayer (1625) & Wife shown |
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Rushbrooke St Nicholas |
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| Thomas Jermyn (1692)
shown Sir Robert Danvers (1722) gray sarcophagus below broken pediment. |
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Woodbridge St Mary |
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Thomas Seckford (1587) Tomb
chest with open arcade; no effigy Ieoffrey Pitman (1627) & Two Wives & Two Sons shown |
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Wingfield - St Andrew |  |
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| All the above Wingfield etching are from Stothard | |
| Top Row Far Left & Centre Left:
Sir John Wingfield (1361) This effigy rests on
a tomb chest with four quatrefoils enclosing shields; above
crocketed ogee arch. Top Row Centre Right & Bottom Row Left, Upper & Middle Illustrations: Michael de la Pole, 2nd Earl of Suffolk (1415) & Countess of Suffolk. The effigies are of wood and rest on a tall tomb chest against whose north side are three sedilia. Gabled niches on the east & west sides. Top Row Far Right, Bottom Row Left Lower Illustration & Bottom Row Left John de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk (1442-1491) and Countess Elizabeth, Sister of Edward IV. Alabaster effigies on tomb chest with five shields in quatrefoils. |
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| Medieval Upstarts The de la Poles - Merchants, Fianciers, Barons, Earls, Marquises, Dukes and Kings Nearly |
| William de la Pole (
-1366) was a wealthy merchant and financier
from Hull, who financed the government of the day and
became the first mayor of that city. Michael, 1st Earl of Suffolk (1330 - 1389) was the son of the Hull merchant. He fought in Scotland and in the 100 years war, serving under the Black Prince. He negotiated the marriage of Richard II to Anne of Bohemia. From 1383 he was chancellor and adviser to Richard II; he was promoted to baron in 1366 and earl in 1385. He enriched himself by not always honorable means. In the 'Wonderful Parliament' of 1386, he was impeached on charges of corruption and negligence and his dismissal was demanded. He was sentenced to imprisonment (in Corfe Castle), fined heavily and some of his lands forfeited. However when the parliament ended, Richard released him and he again became one of the royalist party and the King's closest adviser. But in 1388 the 'Lords Apellant' - the baronial opposition to Richard II - charged him with treason and he was condemned to death and forfeiture of his title and lands. He managed to flee to the continent where he died in exile. He married Catherine the daughter and heiress of Sir John de Wingfield - see images above. Michael, 2nd Earl of Suffolk (1361-1415) - see images above -was the eldest son of the 1st Earl but because of his father's disgrace, did not succeed to the title on the latter's death although the earldom was restored to him in 1391. He sailed to France with King Henry V but died of dysentery at the siege of Harfleur. Michael, 3rd Earl of Suffolk (1394-1415) was the eldest son of the second earl. He served with his father at Harfleur and succeeded to the title on the latter's death there but did not enjoy the earldom for long as he was killed at the Battle of Agincourt later that same year. William, 4th Earl and 1st Marquis & 1st Duke of Suffolk (1396-1450) was the second son of Michael the 2nd Earl, succeeding to the title on his elder brother's death. He fought and held posts in France under Henry V and later, following the King's death, under Henry's brother, John Duke of Bedford, now Regent of France. He surrendered to Joan of Arc and was a prisoner for a while. He was released following the payment of a ransom and continued campaigning in France. On his return to England in 1431 he joined the court and became an ally of Cardinal Beauford of the 'peace party', his long experience of war probably convincing him that peace was the wisest way forward. He negotiated the marriage of Henry VI to Margaret of Anjou but a secret clause was put into the agreement to surrender the English possessions of Anjou and Maine as part of a truce between the antagonists. He stood proxy for Henry in a marriage ceremony in France and escorted the King's new bride to England. He was now promoted to marquis. In 1435, following the death of the Duke of Bedford and the reconciliation of the Duke of Burgundy, who had been an ally of the English, with the French King, the tide turned in the favour of the French. On the death of both his rival Humphrey Duke of Gloucester, Henry V's brother (whom he was said to have murdered), and Cardinal Beauford in 1447, Suffolk became the power behind the throne. Henry VI was a weak king who also seemed to suffer from some mental disorder and had come to the throne as an infant. These factors probably led to Henry being ruled by his favourites, the role of the King's Council being much reduced in its power. This led to much resentment and the cause of bitter rivalry at court. The Wars of the Roses were about to begin. Richard, Duke of York who had been the commander in France and whose influence was now increasing, was packed off to Ireland by Suffolk who then replaced him in France with the Duke of Somerset. Somerset's lack of ability as a commander contributed to the loss of Normandy. In 1450 Suffolk was promoted to the Dukedom but later that year was impeached, being blamed for the loss of the French possessions and corrupt government at home; he had certainly greatly enriched himself. He was exiled by Henry VI but, on attempting to cross the Channel, his craft was intercepted by the ship Nicholas of the Tower; he was taken aboard a small boat and beheaded by 'six strokes of a rusty sword'. He body was thrown onto the beach at Dover. This murder may have been organised by the Duke of York but remains an unsolved mystery. Although he is said to have been buried at Wingfield, there is certainly no monument there and another source states that he may have been buried at Hull. He married Alice Chaucer - granddaughter of the poet - whose magnificent monument remains at Ewelme, Oxfordshire. There is an old English Ballad (possibly a version of Child Number 170) which appears to refer to his death and in which he is referred to as The Duke of Cotton - his birthplace in Suffolk. John, 5th Earl and 2nd Duke of Suffolk (1442-1491) - see above- was the only son of William, the 1st Duke. He was restored to the Dukedom by Henry VI but nevertheless sided with the Yorkist and fought at the 2nd Battle of St Albans. On the death of Edward IV- whose sister he married - he supported Richard III and, following the latter's death at Bosworth, swore fealty to Henry VII! His disputes with the Paston family are well recorded in the famous Paston Letters, where he is portrayed unfavourably. A master time server indeed. John, Earl of Lincoln (1464-1487 ) was the first son of the Second Duke. Richard III's young son Edward, had died in 1484 so the King needed to find an heir to the throne. The candidates were his two nephews: John, Earl of Lincoln, son of his sister, and Edward, Earl of Warwick, son of his executed brother, George, Duke of Clarence. The latter - later himself executed by Henry VII on no valid charge - was still a child so John was selected. He fought with Richard at Bosworth but Henry VII had no wish to alienate the de la Pole family so he was granted office by the new King. However, with his eye still on the throne, he joined the Lambert Simnel rebellion in 1487 and was killed at the Battle of Stoke - the last battle of the Wars of the Roses. Edmund, 6th Earl of Suffolk (1472-1513) was the second son of the Second Duke and attained his majority during the reign of Henry VII. However his inheritance was affected by the act of attainder passed against his elder brother, The Earl of Lincoln. He agreed with the King to revert to the title of Earl and the King restored a portion of his forfeited property in return for a substantial annual fee. In 1501 he heard the Emperor Maximilian would help any of the Yorkist bloodline regain the English throne; he visited Maximilian but this scheme subsequently came to nothing. He was condemned with his brothers and others in 1504. He returned to England in 1506 and remained unmolested but was excepted from a general pardon by Henry VIII and executed in 1513. His younger brother Richard continued the claim to the throne until his death at the Battle of Pavis in 1525. |
With many thanks to Dr D and Mrs J Kelsall and to Jean McCreanor for kindly providing all of the photographs in this section